【見えぬ廃炉 第二原発】県外搬出めど立たず 原子力政策行き詰まり 使用済み核燃料 via 福島民報

東京電力福島第二原発1~4号機の全基廃炉は、県と立地町の事前了解により、今月下旬にも始まる。ただ、使用済み核燃料を再処理して使う国策「核燃料サイクル政策」は高速増殖炉もんじゅ(福井県敦賀市)の廃炉とプルサーマル発電の低迷で実質的に破綻しており、東電が確約する「使用済み核燃料の県外搬出」のめどは立たない。国策民営による原子力政策の行き詰まりが、二〇六四年度とされる廃炉完了を不透明にしている。

 楢葉、富岡両町にまたがる福島第二原発の中央制御室。運転員は十九日も1~4号機の使用済み核燃料プールにある使用済み核燃料について冷却監視を続けた。四カ所のプールにある核燃料は約一万体。一カ所平均二千五百体という数だ。プールの水温を約三〇度に保ち、安定的な冷却を維持している。

 東電は使用済み核燃料約一万体の半数ほどを敷地内に新設する乾式貯蔵施設で保管する方針だ。

(略)

福島第二原発では廃炉着手六年後から毎年六百体をプールから乾式に移す。乾式貯蔵施設が満杯になるのは廃炉着手から十四年後になるが、その後の県外搬出について東電担当者は「決まっていない。乾式貯蔵施設の増設も含め、廃炉を進める中で検討する」と曖昧な言い回しに終始する。乾式貯蔵は一時しのぎの対策に過ぎず、「トイレなきマンション」と呼ばれる原子力発電の根本的な問題解決にはなっていないのが実情だ。

 使用済み核燃料を再処理し、プルトニウムを取り出して再利用する核燃料サイクル政策は、順調に進んでいるとは言いがたい。青森県六ケ所村に整備中の日本原燃の再処理工場は稼働時期も定まっていない。東電と日本原子力発電の共同出資会社が青森県むつ市に設けた使用済み核燃料の中間貯蔵施設は二〇二一年度の操業開始を計画しているが審査などが続くため、開始時期は見通せない。さらに、むつ市は事故を起こした福島第一原発や、廃炉が決まった福島第二原発の燃料搬入に難色を示している。

 使用済み核燃料の再処理で生じる廃液は高レベル放射性廃棄物(核のごみ)として、ガラスと混ぜた固化体として管理される。最終処分場選定に向けた文献調査を北海道の一部自治体が受け入れたが、住民からは否定的な意見も多く、作業は緒に就いたばかりだ。

(略)

核燃サイクルの先行きが見通せないため、東電も具体的な県外搬出計画を打ち出せる状況にはない。小早川智明社長は十六日、内堀雅雄知事から廃炉の事前了解を得た際、「使用済み核燃料は廃止措置終了までに県外に搬出する方針だ」と述べるにとどめた。

 県原子力対策監の高坂潔氏は「使用済み核燃料の問題をどうするか、東電は当事者として政府に働きかける責任がある。政府任せにせず、全国の電力会社とともに根本問題の解決に汗を流すべきだ」と指摘した。

全文は【見えぬ廃炉 第二原発】県外搬出めど立たず 原子力政策行き詰まり 使用済み核燃料

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Rosen Co-Sponsors Legislation to Support Nevadans Harmed by Radiation During Cold War via Jacky Rosen

Friday, June 18, 2021

WASHINGTON, D.C. – Today, U.S. Senator Jacky Rosen announced her co-sponsorship of the Downwinders Parity Act, legislation that would extend eligibility for compensation due to sickness caused by radiation exposure from nuclear testing at the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS). This bill would ensure that all individuals in Clark County, Nevada who were present during the atmospheric nuclear testing at the NNSS and exposed to radiation are eligible for federal compensation.

[…]

BACKGROUND: The Downwinders Parity Act would amend the Radiation Exposure Compensation Act (RECA) – which currently offers up to $50,000 in compensation to some miners, workers, downwinders, and other individuals living in certain parts of the country, who are suffering from the effects of uranium mining and nuclear testing carried out during the Cold War – to extend eligibility to all individuals exposed to radiation in Clark County.

Read more at Rosen Co-Sponsors Legislation to Support Nevadans Harmed by Radiation During Cold War

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With 88 days until the Byron Nuclear Plant closes, lawmakers say coal and natural gas plants are the sticking points in Springfield via WREX

William Ingalls

BYRON (WREX) — Time is ticking. As of June 16, Exelon announced closing dates for both of its reactors in Byron. One will close on September 14 with the second reactor closing two days later.

The closing dates though doesn’t mean the plant’s fate is sealed according to state representative Tom Demmer. Rather, this places a clear timeline that lawmakers have to save the plant and pass a clean energy bill.

[…]

Of the things to hammer out in Springfield, nuclear energy isn’t one of them per Demmer. He says the decision to keep using nuclear power in the state is a done deal. However, the sticking point is a major dispute over coal and natural gas.

[…]

One of those plants supplies electricity to Rochelle. An immediate shutdown would cost the city millions of dollars which is just one instance of how the debate over if and when these plants should be closed in a new clean energy deal.

Demmer added that conversations about these sticking points are going on every day, and that lawmakers could get called back to Springfield any day.

Read more at With 88 days until the Byron Nuclear Plant closes, lawmakers say coal and natural gas plants are the sticking points in Springfield

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原発避難者の静かな叫び 「自死した息子の後追いたい」 via ザ・密着(Asahi Digital)

SUBSCRIBED3月4日朝、私のスマートフォンに着信履歴があるのに気がついた。午前4時すぎ、福島県南相馬市の庄司範英さんからかかってきていた。留守電には呼吸の音だけが入っている。  かけ直してもコール音が鳴るだけだ。胸騒ぎがした。2カ月前にも3日間つながらなかったことがあった。このときは庄司さんから「相談電話で『死にたい』と話したら、強制入院させられて電話できなかったんですよ」と聞いた。  庄司さんは、東京電力福島第一原発事故で家族と共に新潟県に避難していた。政府と福島県が2017年に住宅提供を打ち切ったため、庄司さんだけが戻って働かざるを得なくなった。庄司さんの勤務初日の未明、長男で中学3年の黎央さん(当時14)は自ら命を絶った。以来、庄司さんは後を追おうと自殺未遂を繰り返し、6回ほど保護されている。 https://www.asahi.com/articles/ASN4G4…

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“The Great Chernobyl Acceleration” by Prof. Kate Brown (MIT)via Nacionalinė dailės galerija

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=57KNWaLityo&t=103s
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France reaches deal to send back nuclear waste to Germany via rfi

Paris and Berlin have reached an agreement in principle to allow the return of nuclear waste processed in France to Germany by 2024. 

[…]

German energy firms sent the spent nuclear fuel to Cogema facility (now part of Orano) in Normandy for treatment and recycling from 1978 to 2008. Most of the treated waste has been returned and the deal concerns the remaining amount.

German energy firms had sent spent fuel from their nuclear reactors for treatment, but deals that would have kept the material in Franceuntil 2040 were considered as not complying with French law that requires treated waste be returned to its country of origin.

[…]

Germany will accept treated waste with a higher level of radioactivity than planned earlier, but that means the volume will be less and only one train shipment will be necessary instead of the 17 initially envisaged.

Read more at France reaches deal to send back nuclear waste to Germany

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魚の放射性物質も監視 原発処理水放出前後、環境省検討 via 日本経済新聞

環境省は18日、東京電力福島第1原子力発電所でたまる処理水の海洋放出前後の海域監視強化を検討する専門家会議の初会合を開いた。同省は放射性物質の測定対象に、海水のほか魚や海藻といった海洋生物も検討する。

今後、対象や場所、頻度などの詳細を決める。処理水の海洋放出は2023年春に始める計画で、海域モニタリングは放出の1年前から開始する予定だ。

(略)

トリチウムを含む処理水は海水で薄めて海に流す。環境への影響はないとみているが、風評被害が懸念される。精度の高い測定には2週間~2カ月以上かかり、実施できる機関も少ない。専門家からは海域モニタリングの実施で、放出前の処理水の測定体制に影響が出ないように求める意見もあった。

全文は魚の放射性物質も監視 原発処理水放出前後、環境省検討

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Judge issues tentative order rejecting lawsuit to stop San Onofre nuclear plant dismantlement via The San Diego Union-Tribune

Del Mar advocacy group says Coastal Commission should not have OK’d permit

By ROB NIKOLEWSKI

[…]

Los Angeles County Superior Court Judge Mitchell L. Beckloff issued a tentative decision rejecting a lawsuit by the Samuel Lawrence Foundation, an advocacy group based in Del Mar, that argued the California Coastal Commission “abused its discretion” when it issued a permit allowing Southern California Edison to take down buildings and other infrastructure at the now-shuttered plant.

Beckloff has 60 to 90 days to issue a final ruling but in his 12-page tentative decision, the judge said the commission did not violate its own regulations when it OK’d the permit.

[…]

Coastal Commission spokeswoman Noaki Schwartz said the commission shares the “significant concerns” raised by the foundation and urges the federal government to find a permanent repository to store nuclear waste from the plant, known as SONGS for short. “The Commission does not have jurisdiction to regulate this federal issue, however, and agrees with the court’s tentative ruling.” 

Edison spokesman John Dobken said the commission made the correct decision when it approved the permit and the dismantlement at SONGS continues to progress in a safe and timely manner. We look forward to the court’s final ruling on this matter.”

The heart of the complaint centers on a pair of spent fuel pools that are scheduled to be torn down.

At commercial nuclear power plants, when the highly radioactive fuel rods used to generate electricity lose their effectiveness, operators place the assemblies in a metal rack that is lowered about 40 feet into a “wet storage” pool, typically for about five years, to cool.

Edison has since taken the assemblies, placed them into stainless steel canisters and moved them in two “dry storage” facilities on the north end of the plant. One facility holds 50 canisters and another, more recently constructed site, holds 73 canisters.

Edison says the pools are unnecessary now that the spent fuel, or nuclear waste, sits in dry storage.

The Samuel Lawrence Foundation suit argues Edison should keep the pools in place in case the canisters ever get damaged or degrade over time.

[…]

The Samuel Lawrence Foundation argued the Nuclear Regulatory Commission provides leeway for Edison to determine how to decommission the plant and the Coastal Commission should go back and conduct its own analysis.

[…]

All told, there are 3.55 million pounds of used-up fuel in the canisters at SONGS, which is located between the Pacific and Interstate 5. The waste remains on SONGS premises because, just as seen at 121 commercial nuclear sites in 35 states, the federal government has not opened a facility to deposit it.

[…]

SONGS has not produced electricity since 2012 after a leak in a steam generator tube led to the closing of the plant.

SONGS dismantlement operations began in March 2020 and, if they proceed, are expected to take about eight years to complete. About 2 billion pounds of equipment, components, concrete and steel will be removed from the plant, which has not produced power since 2012. 

The two distinctive containment domes, each nearly 200 feet high, are scheduled to come down around 2027. 

About 450,000 tons of material labeled low-level nuclear waste will be shipped — mostly by rail — to a disposal facility in Clive, Utah. Another 35 tons of low-level waste will get shipped by truck to a facility in the West Texas town of Andrews.

Read more at Judge issues tentative order rejecting lawsuit to stop San Onofre nuclear plant dismantlement

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40年超原発、初の再稼働へ 関西電力が抱える3つの壁 via 日本経済新聞

関西電力は23日、運転開始から40年を超える原子力発電所を国内で初めて再稼働させる。40年超原発3基が全て動けば関電は二酸化炭素(CO2)排出量を2019年度比で2割超減らせ、月75億円のコスト削減も期待できる。だが、使用済み核燃料の保管先など3つの課題が残っている。

(略)

関電には高浜原発(同県高浜町)1、2号機を含め3基の40年超原発がある。全て稼働すればCO2の年間排出量を日本全体の0.7%にあたる770万トン減らせる。関電が50年に目指すゼロカーボンの達成には、さらに2800万トンの削減が必要。すでに再稼働した4基をあわせ、全7基の稼働が前提となる。

だが、そこには3つの壁がある。まずは、設置を義務付けられたテロ対策施設だ。美浜3号機では期限の10月25日に間に合わないことが確定し、いったん再稼働しても4カ月ほどで停止する。

高浜1、2号機では6月9日の期限までに設置できず、再稼働を見送った。19年には、期限より美浜3号機で1年半、高浜1、2号機で2年半遅れると公表。単純計算でテロ対策施設が完成するのは23年になる。

2つ目は使用済み核燃料の保管先だ。原発が立地する福井県知事に対し、23年末までに県外の候補地を確定させると約束。関電の森本孝社長は「見つからなければ稼働を止める」と言い切った。

大手電力で構成する電気事業連合会の案に乗り、青森県むつ市の施設の利用を念頭に置くが、地元市長は強い拒否感を示す。そもそも、高浜原発は全基稼働すれば敷地内にある現在の保管場所は5年で満杯になる。

3つ目として、運転限度の60年まで15年ほどしか残されていない。再稼働が遅れれば、動かせる時間はさらに減る。榊原定征会長は「日本で原発をある程度維持するには新増設や建て替えが不可欠だ」と主張するが、具体的な展望は見えない。

全文は40年超原発、初の再稼働へ 関西電力が抱える3つの壁

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Nuclear reactor problem a new headache for designer and China via Daily Mail

By AFP

The emergence of problems in a new-generation nuclear reactor in China threatens to undermine efforts by its French designer to sell it elsewhere, and could hurt Beijing’s nuclear industry, analysts said.

French energy giant EDF and the Chinese government have sought to ease concerns about a gas build-up at the Taishan Nuclear Power Plant after a CNN report of a potential leak at the site.

The Chinese foreign ministry said Tuesday that radiation levels remained normal at the site in southern Guangdong province and there were no safety concerns.

But it is the latest snag to hit EDF’s much-vaunted EPR reactor.

The Taishan power station became in 2018 the first site worldwide to use the pressurised water design, which has been subject to years of delays in similar projects in Britain, France and Finland.

A second EPR reactor was launched at Taishan a year later. The facility is partly owned by EDF along with state-owned China General Nuclear Power Group, the majority stakeholder and operator of the plant.

EDF said the plant’s number one reactor experienced a build-up of gases in part of the cooling system following the deterioration of the coating on some uranium fuel rods.

The French company was first informed about the problem with the fuel rods in October, but only learned about the gas build-up on Saturday, according to EDF.

The problem and the silence of Chinese authorities triggered criticism of EDF, whose EPR reactor is supposed to be safer, last longer and produce more electricity than previous versions.

– EDF seeks contracts –

“It seems that both the Chinese nuclear regulators and the French nuclear corporations may have acted in bad faith,” said Paul Dorfman, a researcher at the University College London’s Energy Institute.

“If so, this new EPR debacle should have important consequences for any further plans for new EPR builds in France, the UK, and internationally,” he added.

[…]

Taishan could also undermine the development of nuclear energy within China.

While the nation has the world’s third-largest park of reactors, nuclear energy remains a relatively small part of China’s energy mix.

After the Fukushima disaster in 2011, Chinese authorities have become prudent in further developing nuclear power in the face of sceptical public opinion.

“The events at Taishan therefore challenge Beijing to explain the facts to its population, even as China has in recent weeks very publicly criticised Japan’s handling of its management of the Fukushima waste water cleanup,” said Mark Hibbs, a senior nuclear policy fellow at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.

Read more.

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